NALCO is a Navratna CPSE that manufactures and sells alumina and aluminium, with an integrated mining–refining–smelting–power setup. It was incorporated on January 7, 1981, and is headquartered in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

The alumina refinery is at Damanjodi (Koraput, Odisha) and the aluminium smelter with captive power is at Angul (Odisha). The Company also operates wind power facilities in Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan and Maharashtra, and port facilities at Visakhapatnam.

The Government of India is the promoter and held 51.28% of the Company’s equity as on March 31, 2025.