E-Voting

E-voting (electronic voting) is the digital mechanism through which shareholders of listed Indian companies cast their votes on resolutions proposed at Annual General Meetings (AGMs), Extraordinary General Meetings (EGMs), and postal ballot procedures — without being physically present at the meeting venue. SEBI mandates e-voting for all listed companies with more than 1,000 shareholders for resolutions requiring ordinary or special majority approval. The two primary e-voting platforms authorised by SEBI and used by Indian companies are CDSL's e-Voting system (evoting.india.com) and NSDL's e-Voting system (evoting.nsdl.com). Shareholders can log in using their Demat account credentials, review the resolution details in the notice dispatched by the company, and cast votes electronically within the stipulated e-voting window (typically 3 days before the meeting date to 5 PM on the day preceding the meeting). For institutional investors — including mutual funds, insurance companies, and foreign portfolio investors — e-voting compliance and disclosure of voting decisions is increasingly a corporate governance priority regulated by SEBI. For retail investors, e-voting provides a convenient, accessible mechanism to exercise shareholder rights and participate in company governance without the cost and inconvenience of physical attendance — particularly important for minority shareholders seeking to influence outcomes on related party transactions, remuneration approvals, and auditor appointments.