A Bear Market is a sustained period during which the prices of securities fall 20% or more from recent highs, accompanied by widespread pessimism and negative investor sentiment. Bear markets are typically triggered by economic recessions, rising inflation, geopolitical crises, or financial system shocks. During a bear market, defensive sectors such as FMCG, pharmaceuticals, and utilities tend to outperform cyclical sectors. Long-term investors often view bear markets as opportunities to accumulate quality stocks at discounted valuations.
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