About Coal India Limited (CIL)

 

Coal India Limited (CIL) is India’s largest coal producer and a Maharatna public sector enterprise headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal, operating under the Ministry of Coal. As of March 31, 2025, the Government of India held 63.13% of the company’s equity, with the balance held by institutional and retail investors. 

 

Established in 1975, CIL marked five decades of operations in 2025, underscoring its role in ensuring India’s energy security; coal continues to account for nearly 72% of the country’s electricity generation, and CIL contributed about 74% of India’s total coal output in FY2024–25  .

 

CIL’s operations span 310 mines across eight Indian states, comprising opencast, underground and mixed mining formats . The company has ten wholly owned Indian subsidiaries, including South Eastern Coalfields Limited, Central Coalfields Limited, Eastern Coalfields Limited, Mahanadi Coalfields Limited, Bharat Coking Coal Limited, Northern Coalfields Limited, Western Coalfields Limited, Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited, CIL Navikarniya Urja Limited, and CIL Solar PV Limited .

 

Key products and services include coking coal, semi-coking coal, non-coking coal, washed and beneficiated coal, middlings, rejects, and neem-coated urea (through a JV) . In FY 2024–25, CIL achieved its highest-ever production of ~781.06 million tonnes and offtake of 762.98 million tonnes.

 

Coal India Limited’s Business Segments

 

Major operating divisions and activities:

 

• Coal mining and processing across opencast and underground mines, with integrated activities from exploration to extraction and delivery, supported by evacuation infrastructure and renewable initiatives.
• Diversification and new revenue streams under development include critical minerals, renewable energy, coal gasification, pump storage systems and thermal power.

 

Industries served:

Long-term Fuel Supply Agreements (FSAs) with power utilities (state utilities, private power utilities and IPPs under SHAKTI), FSAs with non-power industries including captive power plants, and FSAs with State Nominated Agencies; additional sales through e-auction schemes .

 

Revenue by Geography:

CIL operates and sells primarily within India, with mining operations across eight Indian states and a central role in the domestic energy ecosystem .

 

Revenue by Industry/Channel:

Net sales mix for FY 2024–25: FSA 79%; e-auction 16%; washed coal (coking) 1%; washed coal (non-coking) 2%; other by-products 2% .

 

Coal India’s Key Management

 

• Shri P. M. Prasad, Chairman-cum-Managing Director and CEO
• Shri Mukesh Agrawal, Director (Finance) & CFO
• Shri Achyut Ghatak, Director (Technical): took charge on 23 January 2025; a mining engineer with extensive underground mining and corporate planning experience, including contributions to CIL’s 1 billion tonne roadmap.

 

Latest Updates on Coal India

 

• Strategic initiatives and JVs: Incorporated Bharat Coal Gasification & Chemicals Limited (with BHEL) and Coal Gas India Limited (with GAIL) for coal gasification projects .Signed an MoU with BPCL for a Coal-to-Synthetic Natural Gas project; advanced two SNG projects at Sonepur-Bazari and Chandrapur to licensor and JV stages  .

Acquired a critical mineral mining lease (Oranga–Revatipur Graphite & Vanadium, Chhattisgarh) and signed an MoU with IREL (India) for critical mineral assets .

 

• Coal beneficiation and monetisation: Dugda Coal Washery (BCCL) became India’s first washery to be monetised; IB Valley Washery (MCL, 10 MTY) commissioned.